Before a Flood
What would you do if your property were flooded? Are you prepared?
Even if you feel you live in a community with a low risk of flooding,
remember that anywhere it rains, it can flood. Just because you haven't
experienced a flood in the past, doesn't mean you won't in the future. Flood
risk isn't just based on history; it's also based on a number of factors
including rainfall , topography, flood-control measures, river-flow and
tidal-surge data, and changes due to new construction and development.
Flood-hazard maps have been created to show the flood risk for your
community, which helps determine the type of
flood insurance coverage you will need
since standard homeowners insurance doesn't cover flooding. The lower the
degree of risk, the lower the flood insurance premium.
In addition to having flood insurance, knowing following flood hazard terms
will help you recognize and prepare for a flood.
To prepare for a flood, you should:
- Build an emergency kit and
make a family communications plan.
- Avoid building in a floodplain unless you elevate and reinforce your
home.
- Elevate the furnace, water heater and electric panel in your home if you
live in an area that has a high flood risk.
- Consider installing "check valves" to prevent flood water from backing
up into the drains of your home.
- If feasible, construct barriers to stop floodwater from entering the
building and seal walls in basements with waterproofing compounds.
During a Flood
If a flood is likely in your area, you should:
- Listen to the radio or television for information.
- Be aware that flash flooding can occur. If there is any possibility of a
flash flood, move immediately to higher ground. Do not wait for instructions
to move.
- Be aware of stream, drainage channels, canyons and other areas known to
flood suddenly. Flash floods can occur in these areas with or without
typical warnings such as rain clouds or heavy rain.
If you must prepare to evacuate, you should do the following:
- Secure your home. If you have time, bring in outdoor furniture. Move
essential items to an upper floor.
- Turn off utilities
at the main switches or valves if instructed to do so. Disconnect electrical
appliances. Do not touch electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in
water.
If you have to leave your home, remember these evacuation tips:
- Do not walk through moving water. Six inches of moving water can make
you fall. If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving.
Use a stick to check the firmness of the ground in front of you.
- Do not drive into flooded areas. If floodwaters rise around your car,
abandon the car and move to higher ground if you can do so safely. You and
the vehicle can be swept away quickly.
- Do not camp or park your vehicle along streams, rivers or creeks,
particularly during threatening conditions.
After the Flood
Your home has been flooded. Although floodwaters may be down in some
areas, many dangers still exist. Here are some things to remember in the
days ahead:
- Use local alerts and warning systems to get information and expert
informed advice as soon as available.
- Avoid moving water.
- Stay away from damaged areas unless your assistance has been
specifically requested by police, fire, or relief organization.
- Emergency workers will be assisting people in flooded areas. You can
help them by staying off the roads and out of the way.
- Play it safe. Additional flooding or flash floods can occur. Listen
for local warnings and information. If your car stalls in rapidly rising
waters, get out immediately and climb to higher ground.
- Return home only when authorities indicate it is safe.
- Roads may still be closed because they have been damaged or are
covered by water. Barricades have been placed for your protection. If
you come upon a barricade or a flooded road, go another way.
- If you must walk or drive in areas that have been flooded.
- Stay on firm ground. Moving water only 6 inches deep can sweep
you off your feet. Standing water may be electrically charged from
underground or downed power lines.
- Flooding may have caused familiar places to change. Floodwaters
often erode roads and walkways. Flood debris may hide animals and
broken bottles, and it's also slippery. Avoid walking or driving
through it.
- Be aware of areas where floodwaters have receded. Roads may have
weakened and could collapse under the weight of a car.
- Stay out of any building if it is surrounded by floodwaters.
- Use extreme caution when entering buildings; there may be hidden
damage, particularly in foundations.
Staying Healthy
A flood can cause physical hazards and emotional stress. You need to look
after yourself and your family as you focus on cleanup and repair.
- Avoid floodwaters; water may be contaminated by oil, gasoline or raw
sewage.
- Service damaged septic tanks, cesspools, pits and leaching systems
as soon as possible. Damaged sewer systems are serious health hazards.
- Listen for news reports to learn whether the community’s water
supply is safe to drink
- Clean and disinfect everything that got wet. Mud left from
floodwaters can contain sewage and chemicals.
- Rest often and eat well.
- Keep a manageable schedule. Make a list and do jobs one at a time.
- Discuss your concerns with others and seek help. Contact Red Cross
for information on emotional support available in your area.
Cleaning Up and Repairing Your Home
- Turn off the electricity at the main breaker or fuse box, even if
the power is off in your community. That way, you can decide when your
home is dry enough to turn it back on.
- Get a copy of the book
Repairing Your Flooded Home which is available free from the
American Red Cross or your state or local emergency manager. It will
tell you:
- How to enter your home safely.
- How to protect your home and belongings from further damage.
- How to record damage to support insurance claims and requests
for assistance.
- How to check for gas or water leaks and how to have service
restored.
- How to clean up appliances, furniture, floors and other belongs.
- The Red Cross can provide you with a cleanup kit: mop, broom,
bucket, and cleaning supplies.
- Contact your insurance agent to discuss claims.
- Listen to your radio for information on assistance that may be
provided by the state or federal government or other organizations.
- If you hire cleanup or repair contractors, check references and be
sure they are qualified to do the job. Be wary of people who drive
through neighborhoods offering help in cleaning up or repairing your
home.
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